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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean CLKs' awareness and capacity to tap into the benefits of relationships, as well as learner-internal elements, were important. For instance the RIs from TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as an important factor in their decision to avoid expressing criticism of the strictness of a professor (see example 2). This article reviews all locally published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on the most important pragmatic topics including: Discourse Construction Tests The discourse completion test (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in the field of pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages, but also a few disadvantages. For instance the DCT cannot account for the cultural and individual differences in communicative behavior. Additionally the DCT is prone to bias and can result in overgeneralizations. Therefore, it must be carefully analyzed before using it for research or assessment purposes. Despite its limitations the DCT is a useful tool for analyzing the relationship between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. Its ability to use two or more stages to alter social variables related to politeness is a plus. This feature can be used to study the effect of prosody in various cultural contexts. In the field of linguistics the DCT has emerged as one of the most important instruments for analyzing learners' behaviors in communication. It can be used to analyze various issues, including manner of speaking, turn-taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to evaluate the level of phonological sophistication in learners' speech. A recent study utilized an DCT to evaluate EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were given a set of scenarios to choose from, and were then asked to select the most appropriate response. The authors found that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures that included a questionnaire as well as video recordings. However, they cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other types of methods for collecting data. DCTs can be designed using specific linguistic criteria, such as the form and content. These criteria are based on intuition and based on the assumptions of test designers. They may not be accurate and may misrepresent the way ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions. 프라그마틱 정품 사이트 calls for more research into different methods to assess the ability to refuse. A recent study examined DCT responses to requests made by students via email with those gathered from an oral DCT. The results showed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally-indirect requests and utilized less hints than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study examined Chinese learners making pragmatic choices when using Korean. It used a variety of experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs with intermediate or higher ability who responded to MQs and DCTs. They were also asked to consider their evaluations and refusal performances in RIs. The results showed that CLKs were more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four major factors that included their personalities, multilingual identities, their ongoing lives, and their relational advantages. These findings have pedagogical consequences for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data were analysed to determine the participants' rational choices. The data were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices with their linguistic performance using DCTs in order to determine if they were a sign of pragmatic resistance. Interviewees also had to explain why they chose an atypical behavior in certain situations. The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Z tests. It was discovered that the CLKs frequently used the use of euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” and “thank you.” This was likely due to their lack of experience with the target language, which led to a lack of knowledge of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preference for converging to L1 or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 and pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14, they favored converging to L1 norms. The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-toone within two days after the participants had completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed by two coders independent of each other, were then coded. The coding process was iterative, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of coding were evaluated against the original RI transcripts, which provided an indication of how well the RIs accurately portrayed the core behavior. Refusal Interviews One of the most important questions in pragmatic research is the reason why learners decide to rescind native-speaker pragmatic norms. Recent research sought to answer this question with a variety of experiments, including DCTs MQs and RIs. Participants comprised 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or their L2. Then they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked to think about their responses to the DCT situations. The results showed that on average, the CLKs resisted native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their responses. They did this despite the fact that they could create native-like patterns. In addition, they were aware of their pragmatism. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal factors such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also referred to external factors, like relationship affordances. They described, for example, how their relations with their professors enabled them to function more easily in terms of the linguistic and social standards of their university. However, the interviewees also expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences they could face if they flouted their local social norms. They were concerned that their local friends might perceive them as “foreigners” and believe they are unintelligent. This concern was similar to those voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These results suggest that native-speaker practical norms are not the default preference of Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. Future researchers should reassess the applicability of these tests in different contexts and in particular situations. This will help them better know how different cultures could affect the practical behavior of learners in the classroom and beyond. Moreover it will assist educators to develop more effective methodologies to teach and test the korea-based pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consultancy. Case Studies The case study method is a research method that employs in-depth, participant-centered investigations to explore a particular subject. This method makes use of various sources of data like interviews, observations, and documents to prove its findings. This type of investigation is useful for examining specific or complex subjects that are difficult to quantify using other methods. The first step in the case study is to clearly define the subject and the goals of the study. This will help determine which aspects of the subject matter are crucial for research and which could be left out. It is also helpful to read the literature on to the topic to gain a better understanding of the topic and to place the case study within a larger theoretical context. This study was based on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its benchmarks that are specific to Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the study revealed that L2 Korean learners were extremely susceptible to the influence of native models. Related Site were more likely to select incorrect answer options which were literal interpretations. This was a deviance from the correct pragmatic inference. They also exhibited an unnatural tendency to add their own text or “garbage,” to their responses, further detracting from their quality of response. The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had attained the level of four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third year at university and hoped to attain level six on their next attempt. They were asked to answer questions regarding their WTC/SPCC, as well as pragmatic awareness and comprehension. Interviewees were presented with two scenarios that involved interaction with their counterparts and were asked to choose one of the strategies below to employ when making a demand. They were then asked to explain the reasons behind their decision. Most participants attributed their pragmatic opposition to their personalities. TS for instance, claimed that she was difficult to talk to and refused to ask about the wellbeing of her colleague when they had a heavy work load, even though she thought native Koreans would.